Κρακοβία/Παλιά Πόλη: Διαφορά μεταξύ των αναθεωρήσεων
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===Πλατείες=== |
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== Ψυχαγωγία == |
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== Τι θα αγοράσετε == |
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== Πού θα πάτε για φαγητό == |
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=== Οικονομικές επιλογές === |
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=== Μέσης κατηγορίας === |
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=== Υψηλών παροχών === |
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== Πού θα πάτε για καφέ - ποτό == |
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== Πού θα μείνετε == |
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=== Οικονομικές επιλογές === |
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=== Μέσης κατηγορίας === |
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=== Υψηλών παροχών === |
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== Επικοινωνίες == |
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{{ΕίναιΤμήμαΤης|Κρακοβία}} |
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[[wikipedia:el:]] |
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[[Commons:Category:]] |
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===InfoKrakow Tourist Information Offices=== |
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*'''Wyspiański Pavilion''', pl. Wszystkich Świętych 2 |
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*'''ul. św. Jana 2''' |
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*'''ul. Szpitalna 25''' (in Planty park outside the underground passage leading from Train Station) |
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*'''ul. Powiśle 11''' (in the pavilion at the foot of Wawel hill) |
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*'''Sukiennice''', Rynek Główny 1-3 |
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==See== |
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===Squares=== |
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* {{see |
* {{see |
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| name=Rynek Główny | alt= |
| name=Rynek Główny | alt=Πλατεία κεντρικής αγοράς | url= | email= |
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| address= | lat= | long= | directions= |
| address= | lat= | long= | directions= |
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| phone= | tollfree= | fax= |
| phone= | tollfree= | fax= |
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| content=Μια λεπτή μεσαιωνική πλατεία στην καρδιά της Παλιάς Πόλης, στολισμένη με τις εκκλησίες, τα εστιατόρια και τα μπαρ. Είναι η μεγαλύτερη μεσαιωνική αγορά παγκοσμίως με περισσότερα από τέσσερα εκτάρια έκταση και έντεκα δρόμους να αρχίζουν εδώ. |
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| content=A fine medieval square at the heart of the Old City, festooned with churches, restaurants and bars. It is the biggest medieval marketplace worldwide with more than four hectares of area and eleven streets beginning here. |
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[[File:Plac św. Marii Magdaleny.jpg|thumb|St. Mary Magdalene Square]] |
[[File:Plac św. Marii Magdaleny.jpg|thumb|St. Mary Magdalene Square]] |
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*'''Mały Rynek''' ('' |
*'''Mały Rynek''' (''Πλατεία Μικρής Αγοράς'') — Μια λεπτή μεσαιωνική πλατεία ανατολικά της πλατεία κεντρικής αγοράς. |
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*'''Plac Mariacki''' (''Mary´s Square'') — A small medieval place connecting Main and Little Marketplaces. It was a cemetery in the Middle Ages, but is now a charming and quiet place with the Sculpture of a medieval Cracovian Student. |
*'''Plac Mariacki''' (''Mary´s Square'') — A small medieval place connecting Main and Little Marketplaces. It was a cemetery in the Middle Ages, but is now a charming and quiet place with the Sculpture of a medieval Cracovian Student. |
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*'''Plac Wszystkich Świętych''' (''All Saints' Square'') — The name refers to the Gothic All Saints' Church that stood there until the 19th century. Actress Helena Modrzejewska and writer Joseph Conrad lived in houses at this square. There are two beautiful [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] churches, the St. Francis and the Dominicanus, at its western and eastern ends. |
*'''Plac Wszystkich Świętych''' (''All Saints' Square'') — The name refers to the Gothic All Saints' Church that stood there until the 19th century. Actress Helena Modrzejewska and writer Joseph Conrad lived in houses at this square. There are two beautiful [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] churches, the St. Francis and the Dominicanus, at its western and eastern ends. |
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*'''Plac św. Ducha''' (''Square of the Holy Spirit'') — The name refers to the [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] Holy Spirit Church that is located on the square. Beautiful 19th century Słowacki Theatre is situated there as well. |
*'''Plac św. Ducha''' (''Square of the Holy Spirit'') — The name refers to the [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] Holy Spirit Church that is located on the square. Beautiful 19th century Słowacki Theatre is situated there as well. |
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===Εκκλήσίες=== |
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* {{see |
* {{see |
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| name=St. Mary's |
| name=Εκκλησία St. Mary's | alt=Bazylika Mariacka | url=http://www.mariacki.com/ | email= |
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| address=Plac Mariacki 5 | lat= | long= | directions= |
| address=Plac Mariacki 5 | lat= | long= | directions=Στο νότιο άκρτο του Rynek |
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| phone=+48 (0/12) 422-55-18 ext 21 | tollfree= | fax=+48 (0/12) 421-07-85 |
| phone=+48 (0/12) 422-55-18 ext 21 | tollfree= | fax=+48 (0/12) 421-07-85 |
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| hours=Not during Mass, 12.00-18.00, 14.00-18.00 on Sundays | price=6 zł, reduced 3 |
| hours=Not during Mass, 12.00-18.00, 14.00-18.00 on Sundays | price=6 zł, reduced 3 |
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* {{see |
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*'''St. Barbara Church''' — Founded in the 14th century by Mikolaj Wierzynek as a [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] grave chapel, it was remodeled in the early Baroque style in 1583. It housed a famous Jesuit college which competed with the Jagiellonian University. Next to the main entrance is the Gethsemane, a complex of stone sculptures by Veit Stoss. |
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| name=Εκκλησία St. Barbara | alt= | url= | email= |
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| address= | lat= | long= | directions= |
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| phone= | tollfree= | fax= |
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| hours= | price= |
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| content=Founded in the 14th century by Mikolaj Wierzynek as a [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] grave chapel, it was remodeled in the early Baroque style in 1583. It housed a famous Jesuit college which competed with the Jagiellonian University. Next to the main entrance is the Gethsemane, a complex of stone sculptures by Veit Stoss. |
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* {{see |
* {{see |
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| name= |
| name=Εκκλησία St. Anne | alt=Kolegiata św. Anny | url=http://www.kolegiata-anna.katolicki.eu/ | email=kolegiata-anna@diecezja.krakow.pl |
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| address=ul. św. Anny 11 | lat= | long= | directions= |
| address=ul. św. Anny 11 | lat= | long= | directions= |
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| phone=+48 (0/12) 422-53-18 | tollfree= | fax=+48 (0/12) 421-51-41 |
| phone=+48 (0/12) 422-53-18 | tollfree= | fax=+48 (0/12) 421-51-41 |
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* {{see |
* {{see |
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| name=St. Adalbert's |
| name=Εκκλησία St. Adalbert's | alt=Kościół św. Wojciecha | url= | email= |
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| address=Rynek Główny | lat= | long= | directions= |
| address=Rynek Główny | lat= | long= | directions= |
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| phone= | tollfree= | fax= |
| phone= | tollfree= | fax= |
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* {{see |
* {{see |
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| name= |
| name=Εκκλησία Απ. Πέτρου και Παύλου | url=http://www.apostolowie.pl/ | email= |
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| address=ul. Grodzka 52a | lat= | long= | directions= |
| address=ul. Grodzka 52a | lat= | long= | directions= |
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| phone= | tollfree= | fax= |
| phone= | tollfree= | fax= |
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* {{see |
* {{see |
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| name= |
| name=Εκκλησία Αγ. Ανδρέα | url= | email= |
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| address=ul. Grodzka 56 | lat= | long= | directions= |
| address=ul. Grodzka 56 | lat= | long= | directions= |
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| phone= | tollfree= | fax= |
| phone= | tollfree= | fax= |
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* {{see |
* {{see |
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| name=St. Giles |
| name=Εκκλησία St. Giles | url= | email= |
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| address= | lat= | long= | directions= |
| address= | lat= | long= | directions= |
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| phone= | tollfree= | fax= |
| phone= | tollfree= | fax= |
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* {{see |
* {{see |
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| name= |
| name=Εκκλησία Αγιάς Τριάδας | url= | email= |
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| address= | lat= | long= | directions= |
| address= | lat= | long= | directions= |
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| phone= | tollfree= | fax= |
| phone= | tollfree= | fax= |
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* {{see |
* {{see |
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| name= |
| name=Εκκλησία Αγ. Μάρκου | url= | email= |
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| address= | lat= | long= | directions= |
| address= | lat= | long= | directions= |
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| phone= | tollfree= | fax= |
| phone= | tollfree= | fax= |
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* {{see |
* {{see |
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| name= |
| name=Εκκλησία Αγ. Θωμά | url= | email= |
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| address=ul. św. Jana | lat= | long= | directions= |
| address=ul. św. Jana | lat= | long= | directions= |
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| phone= | tollfree= | fax= |
| phone= | tollfree= | fax= |
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* {{see |
* {{see |
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| name= |
| name=Εκκλησία Αγιού Σταυρού | url= | email= |
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| address= | lat= | long= | directions= |
| address= | lat= | long= | directions= |
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*'''St. Martin |
*'''Εκκλησία St. Martin''' — This church was raised in 1637 in Baroque style for the Discalced Carmelite nuns, but is now a Protestant church. The [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] crucifix above the altar is one of the oldest in Poland. |
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*''' |
*'''Εκκλησία Pijary''' — Built in 1718 by Kasper Bazanka, the late baroque shape of the façade was made by Franciszek Placidi in 1759. It was based on the Il Gesu church in Rome, but aiming to enhance the frontal effect the architect added a decorative top story and flattened the divisions of the elevation. |
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*'''St. John's the Baptist and St. John's the Evangelist |
*'''Εκκλησία St. John's the Baptist and St. John's the Evangelist''' — It was built by Piotr Wlast from Skrzynno in the 12th century in Romanesque style. In the 17th century, the church was altered in Baroque style. The high altar contains a Renaissance painting called "The Mother of God redeeming the Slaves". |
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*'''St. Francis |
*'''Εκκλησία St. Francis''' (Franciscans) — Founded in the first half of the 13th century in Romanique style. In the 15th century, the church received its final [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] form. In 1850, the grand fire of Kraków destroyed much of the church. The reconstruction and redecoration took several dozen years. The present secession interior was made by Stanislaw Wyspianski. The most authentic part of the church is the northern elevation of the transept, surviving almost intact in its 13th century form. A place of special beauty are the Gothic cloisters surrounding the rectangular viridarium, dating mostly from the first half of the 15th century. |
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*'''Reformatory |
*'''Reformatory Εκκλησία St. Casimir''' — Built in 1666, together with the monastery in baroque style. In the crypta are graves of the brothers with mummified bodies, due to the special microclimate. |
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*'''St. Joseph |
*'''Εκκλησία St. Joseph''' — This church was built in 1694 at the place of the Tęczyński Palace in baroque style. It was damaged in the big fire of 1850 but the interior was saved. |
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*''' |
*'''Εκκλησίας της Παναγιάς των Χιονιών''' — Constructed in 1632 founded by Anna Lubomirska as a vote to commemorate the victorious battle in 1621 in Chocim against the Osmans. It was destroyed during the Swedish invasion in 1655 and rebuilt in 1671. The main altar has the painting of the "Our Lady Of Snows", the gift from the Pope Urban the VIII. Next to the church stands a cloister with some fragments of the defensive medieval architecture, like a brick tower from the 13th century. |
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===Μοναστήρια=== |
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*'''Dominicans''' — The Dominicans came in 1222 to Kraków. After the Tatars destroyed this monastery, they rebuilt it. Duke Leszek, the Black of Kraków, and Bishop Iwo Odrowaz were buried inside the church in the 13th century. Also the great Italian Humanist Fillipo Callimachus was buried there in the 15th century. His grave was made by Veit Stoss and Peter Vischer. There are 13 chapels inside the church, the Sobieski Chapel with graves of the family of king Jan III Sobieski, the golden Myszkowski Chapel full of pretty baroque and gold, the manierist Dominican Chapel by Santi Gucci are the most beautiful. The Renaissance cross ways are full of epitaphs and baroque paintings by Tomasz Dolabella. A beautiful Romanique Crypta is under the cross ways. |
*'''Dominicans''' — The Dominicans came in 1222 to Kraków. After the Tatars destroyed this monastery, they rebuilt it. Duke Leszek, the Black of Kraków, and Bishop Iwo Odrowaz were buried inside the church in the 13th century. Also the great Italian Humanist Fillipo Callimachus was buried there in the 15th century. His grave was made by Veit Stoss and Peter Vischer. There are 13 chapels inside the church, the Sobieski Chapel with graves of the family of king Jan III Sobieski, the golden Myszkowski Chapel full of pretty baroque and gold, the manierist Dominican Chapel by Santi Gucci are the most beautiful. The Renaissance cross ways are full of epitaphs and baroque paintings by Tomasz Dolabella. A beautiful Romanique Crypta is under the cross ways. |
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*'''Franciscans''' — The Franciscans came in 1237 to Kraków. Their first monastery was destroyed by the Tatars in 1241 and 1259. In 1269, the saint Salomea was buried inside the St. Francis Church. In 1462, 1655 and 1850 parts of the monastery burned. The inside is [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] and secession. The famous window "Good Father the Creator" by Stanislaw Wyspianski is there. The cross ways are very worth seeing with their Gothic frescoes. It has been a basilica since 1920. |
*'''Franciscans''' — The Franciscans came in 1237 to Kraków. Their first monastery was destroyed by the Tatars in 1241 and 1259. In 1269, the saint Salomea was buried inside the St. Francis Church. In 1462, 1655 and 1850 parts of the monastery burned. The inside is [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] and secession. The famous window "Good Father the Creator" by Stanislaw Wyspianski is there. The cross ways are very worth seeing with their Gothic frescoes. It has been a basilica since 1920. |
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===Παλάτια=== |
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*'''Pałac Biskupow Krakowskich''', ul. Franciszkańska 3. (''Palace of the Bishops of Krakow''). Renaissance palace with a beautiful yard. It is world famous as the home of Pope John Paul II. Starting in 1963, he lived there as the bishop/cardinal of Kraków. After he became pope, he always stayed at there while in Kraków. His small talks from the window with Krakowians are famous. Often one can find a candle in the window and many candles and flowers under it. |
*'''Pałac Biskupow Krakowskich''', ul. Franciszkańska 3. (''Palace of the Bishops of Krakow''). Renaissance palace with a beautiful yard. It is world famous as the home of Pope John Paul II. Starting in 1963, he lived there as the bishop/cardinal of Kraków. After he became pope, he always stayed at there while in Kraków. His small talks from the window with Krakowians are famous. Often one can find a candle in the window and many candles and flowers under it. |
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*'''Pałac Erazma Ciolka''' (''Palace of Erazm Ciolek''), ul. Kanonicza 17. |
*'''Pałac Erazma Ciolka''' (''Palace of Erazm Ciolek''), ul. Kanonicza 17. |
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*'''Pałac Pod Krzysztofory''' (''Palace under the Krzysztofory''), Rynek Główny 35 (Kraków Historical Museum). |
*'''Pałac Pod Krzysztofory''' (''Palace under the Krzysztofory''), Rynek Główny 35 (Kraków Historical Museum). |
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===Κτίρια Πανεπιστημίου=== |
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===University Buildings=== |
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All over Old Town you can find campus parts of the second oldest university in this part of Europe: Jagiellonian University. You are free to enter (and leave) all buildings at your leisure (mind the students milling around every day of the week). |
All over Old Town you can find campus parts of the second oldest university in this part of Europe: Jagiellonian University. You are free to enter (and leave) all buildings at your leisure (mind the students milling around every day of the week). |
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*'''Pope John Paul II Academy''' — Big [[Gothic architecture|neo-Gothic]] building under the Wawel Castle at the beginning of the Planty Park. |
*'''Pope John Paul II Academy''' — Big [[Gothic architecture|neo-Gothic]] building under the Wawel Castle at the beginning of the Planty Park. |
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===Πάρκα=== |
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[[File:Planty krakowskie 2006-06-09 02.jpg|thumb|280px|right|The ''Planty'' park]] |
[[File:Planty krakowskie 2006-06-09 02.jpg|thumb|280px|right|The ''Planty'' park]] |
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*'''Planty''' park surrounding the medieval city. It was set up in the 19th century in the place of torn down town walls. |
*'''Planty''' park surrounding the medieval city. It was set up in the 19th century in the place of torn down town walls. |
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*'''Wawel Gardens'''. |
*'''Wawel Gardens'''. |
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===Μουσεία και Γκαλερί=== |
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===Museums and Galleries=== |
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*'''National Museum''' branches (free on Sundays, with exception of temporary exhibitions): |
*'''National Museum''' branches (free on Sundays, with exception of temporary exhibitions): |
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| content=Awaits permanent exhibition. |
| content=Awaits permanent exhibition. |
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== Ψυχαγωγία == |
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{{-}} |
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== Τι θα αγοράσετε == |
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{{-}} |
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== Πού θα πάτε για φαγητό == |
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=== Οικονομικές επιλογές === |
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=== Μέσης κατηγορίας === |
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=== Υψηλών παροχών === |
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{{-}} |
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== Πού θα πάτε για καφέ - ποτό == |
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{{-}} |
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== Πού θα μείνετε == |
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=== Οικονομικές επιλογές === |
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=== Μέσης κατηγορίας === |
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=== Υψηλών παροχών === |
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{{-}} |
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== Επικοινωνίες == |
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{{-}} |
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{{ΕίναιΤμήμαΤης|Κρακοβία}} |
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[[wikipedia:el:]] |
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[[Commons:Category:]] |
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{{Βικιπαίδεια}} |
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{{Commonscat|}} |
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[[Κατηγορία:]] |
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{{-}} |
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{{περίγραμμα}} |
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<!-- |
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===InfoKrakow Tourist Information Offices=== |
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*'''Wyspiański Pavilion''', pl. Wszystkich Świętych 2 |
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*'''ul. św. Jana 2''' |
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*'''ul. Szpitalna 25''' (in Planty park outside the underground passage leading from Train Station) |
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*'''ul. Powiśle 11''' (in the pavilion at the foot of Wawel hill) |
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*'''Sukiennice''', Rynek Główny 1-3 |
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==See== |
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==Do== |
==Do== |
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Αναθεώρηση της 20:47, 23 Δεκεμβρίου 2014
Πατήστε εδώ για να δείτε το χάρτη της περιοχής σε πλήρη οθόνη.
Η Παλιά Πόλη της Κρακοβίας, αναφέρεται στα πολωνικά ως Stare Miasto, αποτελεί το ιστορικό πυρήνα αυτής της ζωντανής Πολωνικής πόλη και είναι ο βασικός προορισμός για τους περισσότερους ταξιδιώτες στην πόλη, όσον αφορά την διαμονή, το φαγητό, την διασκέδαση και τα αξιοθέατα.
Με μία ματιά
Προσανοτολισμός
Η περιοχή της Παλιάς Πόλης οριοθετείται περιμετρικά απο ένα ελαφρά δασώδη πάρκο, γνωστό ως Planty, που χρησιμοποιήταν για να συμπληρώσει τα παλιά τείχη της πόλης και την τάφρο. Το Wawel, ο μακρύς οχυρομένος λόφος στο νότιο άκρο της παλιάς πόλης, με θέα στον ποταμό Βιστούλα, αποτελεί αναπόσπαστο μέρος αυτής της περιοχής. Το κέντρο της παλιάς πόλης (και της ίδιας της Κρακοβίας) είναι το Rynek Główny (κεντρική πλατεία της αγοράς) από την οποία όλοι οι κύριοι δρόμοι ξεκινούν.
Σε αυτό το άρθρο, επίσης, καλύπτει την περιοχή που είναι γνωστή στα πολωνικά ως Śródmieście (Εσωτερική πόλη). Αναπτύχθηκε πίσω απο τα κατεδαφισμένα μεσαιωνικά τείχη της πόλης προς τα γύρω χωριά και πόλεις και σήμερα μαζί με την Παλιά Πόλη αποτελεί μια συνοικία της Κρακοβίας. Το Śródmieście οριοθετείται από τον περιφερειακό δρόμο al. Trzech Wieszczów προς τα δυτικά και σιδηροδρομικές γραμμές προς την ανατολή.
Πώς θα φτάσετε
Τι πρέπει να δείτε
Βασικά αξιοθέατα
- Wawel Castle, Wawel 5, ☎ +48 (0/12) 422-51-55, fax: +48 (0/12) 421-51-77, e-mail: zamek@wawel.edu.pl. Wawel είναι το όνομα ενός ασβεστολιθικού λοφίσκου που βρίσκεται στην αριστερή όχθη του Βιστούλα, σε υψόμετρο 228 μέτρα πάνω από την επιφάνεια της θάλασσας. Πρόκειται για ένα συμβολικό τόπο μεγάλης σημασίας για τον πολωνικό λαό. Το Βασιλικό Κάστρο και ο καθεδρικός ναός βρίσκονται πάνω στο λόφο. Πολωνοί αξιοκράτες και πολλοί διακεκριμένοι Πολωνοί είναι θαμμένοι στον καθεδρικό ναό και το βασιλικές ενθρόνησεις έλαβαν χώρα εκεί. Θεωρείται ότι είναι το πιο όμορφο κάστρο στην Κεντρική Ευρώπη, εκτός από την Hradcany στην Πράγα.
- Cloth Hall (Sukiennice), Rynek Główny 1-3. Το Sukiennice χτίστηκε στις αρχές του 14ου αιώνα, στη μέση της κεντρικής πλατείας της αγοράς ως αίθουσα συναλλαγών στο γοτθικό στυλ. Πήρε την παρούσα αναγεννησιακή μορφή το 1555. Τον 19ο αιώνα, μετατράπηκε σε μουσείο. Ο πρώτος όροφος χρησιμοποιήθηκε για μεγάλες δεξιώσεις. Σήμερα, καταστήματα με σουβενίρ υπάρχουν εκεί.
- Town Hall Tower, Rynek Główny 1. Μέρος του μεγάλου του 13ου αιώνα γοτθικό-αναγεννησιακό Δημαρχείο που κάποτε βρισκόταν στην Κύρια Αγορά. Το δημαρχείο καταστράφηκε από τους Αυστριακούς κατά τον 19ο αιώνα, αφού πήρε τον έλεγχο της Κρακοβίας. Είναι τώρα ένα από τα τμήματα του Ιστορικού Μουσείου της Κρακοβίας, υπάρχει ωραία θέα της πόλης από το πάνω τμήμα του κτιρίου, αν είναι ανοιχτό.
- Barbican (Barbakan). Το Barbakan χτίστηκε τον 15ο αιώνα, ως το μεγαλύτερο ευρωπαϊκό αμυντικό κτίριο του είδους του. Το γοτθικό Barbakan είχε ως στόχο να υπερασπιστεί την Πύλη Florian από τις επιθέσεις του Οσμάν, ο οποίος αναμενόνταν να επιτεθεί στην Κεντρική Ευρώπη μετά την κατάκτηση της Κωνσταντινούπολης και τα Βαλκάνια στα τέλη του Μεσαίωνα.
- Πύλη Florian. είναι το μόνο μέρος από τα μεσαιωνικά τείχη που έχει επιβιώσει. Αποτελείται από τέσσερις πύργους και το οπλοστάσιο και σας δίνει μια καλή ιδέα για το πως τα πέντε χιλιόμετρων τείχη γύρω από την Παλιά Πόλη έμοιαζαν στον Μεσαίωνα.
Πλατείες
- Rynek Główny (Πλατεία κεντρικής αγοράς). Μια λεπτή μεσαιωνική πλατεία στην καρδιά της Παλιάς Πόλης, στολισμένη με τις εκκλησίες, τα εστιατόρια και τα μπαρ. Είναι η μεγαλύτερη μεσαιωνική αγορά παγκοσμίως με περισσότερα από τέσσερα εκτάρια έκταση και έντεκα δρόμους να αρχίζουν εδώ.
- Mały Rynek (Πλατεία Μικρής Αγοράς) — Μια λεπτή μεσαιωνική πλατεία ανατολικά της πλατεία κεντρικής αγοράς.
- Plac Mariacki (Mary´s Square) — A small medieval place connecting Main and Little Marketplaces. It was a cemetery in the Middle Ages, but is now a charming and quiet place with the Sculpture of a medieval Cracovian Student.
- Plac Wszystkich Świętych (All Saints' Square) — The name refers to the Gothic All Saints' Church that stood there until the 19th century. Actress Helena Modrzejewska and writer Joseph Conrad lived in houses at this square. There are two beautiful Gothic churches, the St. Francis and the Dominicanus, at its western and eastern ends.
- Plac św. Marii Magdaleny (St. Mary Magdalene Square) — A fine square in the center of Okół, the oldest part of the Old Town just under the Wawel. The early baroque St. Peter and Paul Church and the Roman St. Andrew Church are there. In the middle stands the column of Piotr Skarga.
- Plac Szczepański (Stefanus Square) — The name refers to the Gothic Stefanus Church that stood there until the 19th century. The secessionist Palace of Art and Old Theatre are there. Recently renovated in faux secessionist style, which angered lots of citizens. Well, the fountain plays music in summer evenings.
- Plac św. Ducha (Square of the Holy Spirit) — The name refers to the Gothic Holy Spirit Church that is located on the square. Beautiful 19th century Słowacki Theatre is situated there as well.
Εκκλήσίες
- Εκκλησία St. Mary's (Bazylika Mariacka), Plac Mariacki 5 (Στο νότιο άκρτο του Rynek), ☎ +48 (0/12) 422-55-18 ext 21, fax: +48 (0/12) 421-07-85. Not during Mass, 12.00-18.00, 14.00-18.00 on Sundays. The first St. Mary's Church was built in 1220. The façade consists of two unequal towers. The tune (hejnał) is played from one of the towers every hour and on Polish Radio at noon. Inside the church, the east wall is taken up by the altar of Veit Stoss (1477-89). It is the largest piece of medieval art of this kind. There is also an altar with a stone crucifix by Veit Stoss. The wall paintings are by Matejko, Wyspianski, and Mehoffer. 6 zł, reduced 3.
- Εκκλησία St. Barbara. Founded in the 14th century by Mikolaj Wierzynek as a Gothic grave chapel, it was remodeled in the early Baroque style in 1583. It housed a famous Jesuit college which competed with the Jagiellonian University. Next to the main entrance is the Gethsemane, a complex of stone sculptures by Veit Stoss.
- Εκκλησία St. Anne (Kolegiata św. Anny), ul. św. Anny 11, ☎ +48 (0/12) 422-53-18, fax: +48 (0/12) 421-51-41, e-mail: kolegiata-anna@diecezja.krakow.pl. This church was built in the 14th century and rebuilt in 1407 in Gothic style. It served as the University Church. It was rebuilt in baroque style in 1689 by Tylman from Gameren modeled on S. Andrea della Valle in Rome. The corpus of the church was composed of a wide main nave with three pairs of side chapels. The holy professor of theology Jan Kanty is buried there. His baroque grave is one of the most beautiful in Central Europe.
- Εκκλησία St. Adalbert's (Kościół św. Wojciecha), Rynek Główny. One of the oldest churches in Central Europe. History of the first wooden church on this site dates from 10th century. It is said to have been built by a pagan cult. Holy Adalbert preached before his missionary expedition to Prussia in the late 10th century. It was rebuilt in the 11th century in Romanesque style and enlarged in the 17th century in baroque shape.
- Εκκλησία Απ. Πέτρου και Παύλου, ul. Grodzka 52a. The oldest baroque building in Poland. It was built in 1597 by Jozef Britius for the Jesuit Order and completed by Jan Trevano. The stone façade is based on the Roman church Il Gesu. You can see the longest Foucault's pendulum in Poland (46,5 m) there. Showings on Thursdays.
- Εκκλησία Αγ. Ανδρέα, ul. Grodzka 56. This is the best example of the Romanesque style in Poland. It was built in the 11th century by Sieciech, palatine of duke Wladyslaw Herman. The fortifying character of the church is visible and the church was the only place the Krakowians could flee successfully when the Tatars conquered Kraków in 1241. Two beautiful slim Romanesque towers are covered with baroque helmets and the interior is baroque, too.
- Εκκλησία St. Giles. This church was founded in the 11th century by Duke Wladyslaw Herman as a votive offering for the birth of their son. It was later rebuilt in the Gothic style at the end of the 13th century. The Holy Mass is offered in English on Sundays at 10:30AM.
- Εκκλησία Αγιάς Τριάδας. St. Trinity Church, a Dominican church, was built in 1222 in Romanesque style (the refectory still is). It was rebuilt as a three-aisled basilica in the second half of 14th century and the 15th century. It is filled with a countless number of tombs and the set of burial chapels of the 16th and 17th centuries was second only to the Wawel Cathedral necropolis. The great fire of 1850 destroyed much of the church. There is an amazing late 14th century stone portal richly ornamented with carved floral motifs located here.
- Εκκλησία Αγ. Μάρκου. This was founded in the second half of the 13th century by Duke Boleslaw Wstydliwy. On the wall of the apse stands the sculpted group Golgotha. Inside the church is a rococo pulpit with a worth seeing cross.
- Εκκλησία Αγ. Θωμά, ul. św. Jana. Built in 1618, this church was constructed in early baroque style for the Carmelichans. Later, it was used by the nuns of the hospital of the Holy Ghost.
- Εκκλησία Αγιού Σταυρού. It was constructed in 1186. The oldest part of the church is a stone presbytery, while a brick part of the construction dates from the 15th century. The interior is very beautifully decorated with wall paintings dating back to 1420, like 'The Agony in the Garden' in the chapel and a wonderful Gothic palm vault which is based on only one very high pillar.
- Εκκλησία St. Martin — This church was raised in 1637 in Baroque style for the Discalced Carmelite nuns, but is now a Protestant church. The Gothic crucifix above the altar is one of the oldest in Poland.
- Εκκλησία Pijary — Built in 1718 by Kasper Bazanka, the late baroque shape of the façade was made by Franciszek Placidi in 1759. It was based on the Il Gesu church in Rome, but aiming to enhance the frontal effect the architect added a decorative top story and flattened the divisions of the elevation.
- Εκκλησία St. John's the Baptist and St. John's the Evangelist — It was built by Piotr Wlast from Skrzynno in the 12th century in Romanesque style. In the 17th century, the church was altered in Baroque style. The high altar contains a Renaissance painting called "The Mother of God redeeming the Slaves".
- Εκκλησία St. Francis (Franciscans) — Founded in the first half of the 13th century in Romanique style. In the 15th century, the church received its final Gothic form. In 1850, the grand fire of Kraków destroyed much of the church. The reconstruction and redecoration took several dozen years. The present secession interior was made by Stanislaw Wyspianski. The most authentic part of the church is the northern elevation of the transept, surviving almost intact in its 13th century form. A place of special beauty are the Gothic cloisters surrounding the rectangular viridarium, dating mostly from the first half of the 15th century.
- Reformatory Εκκλησία St. Casimir — Built in 1666, together with the monastery in baroque style. In the crypta are graves of the brothers with mummified bodies, due to the special microclimate.
- Εκκλησία St. Joseph — This church was built in 1694 at the place of the Tęczyński Palace in baroque style. It was damaged in the big fire of 1850 but the interior was saved.
- Εκκλησίας της Παναγιάς των Χιονιών — Constructed in 1632 founded by Anna Lubomirska as a vote to commemorate the victorious battle in 1621 in Chocim against the Osmans. It was destroyed during the Swedish invasion in 1655 and rebuilt in 1671. The main altar has the painting of the "Our Lady Of Snows", the gift from the Pope Urban the VIII. Next to the church stands a cloister with some fragments of the defensive medieval architecture, like a brick tower from the 13th century.
Μοναστήρια
- Dominicans — The Dominicans came in 1222 to Kraków. After the Tatars destroyed this monastery, they rebuilt it. Duke Leszek, the Black of Kraków, and Bishop Iwo Odrowaz were buried inside the church in the 13th century. Also the great Italian Humanist Fillipo Callimachus was buried there in the 15th century. His grave was made by Veit Stoss and Peter Vischer. There are 13 chapels inside the church, the Sobieski Chapel with graves of the family of king Jan III Sobieski, the golden Myszkowski Chapel full of pretty baroque and gold, the manierist Dominican Chapel by Santi Gucci are the most beautiful. The Renaissance cross ways are full of epitaphs and baroque paintings by Tomasz Dolabella. A beautiful Romanique Crypta is under the cross ways.
- Franciscans — The Franciscans came in 1237 to Kraków. Their first monastery was destroyed by the Tatars in 1241 and 1259. In 1269, the saint Salomea was buried inside the St. Francis Church. In 1462, 1655 and 1850 parts of the monastery burned. The inside is Gothic and secession. The famous window "Good Father the Creator" by Stanislaw Wyspianski is there. The cross ways are very worth seeing with their Gothic frescoes. It has been a basilica since 1920.
Παλάτια
- Pałac Biskupow Krakowskich, ul. Franciszkańska 3. (Palace of the Bishops of Krakow). Renaissance palace with a beautiful yard. It is world famous as the home of Pope John Paul II. Starting in 1963, he lived there as the bishop/cardinal of Kraków. After he became pope, he always stayed at there while in Kraków. His small talks from the window with Krakowians are famous. Often one can find a candle in the window and many candles and flowers under it.
- Pałac Erazma Ciolka (Palace of Erazm Ciolek), ul. Kanonicza 17.
- Pałac Sztuki (Palace of Art), pl. Szczepański 4.
- Pałac Wielkopolskich (Palace of the Wielkopolskis), pl. Wszystkich Świętych (Town Hall today).
- Pałac Zabarskich (Palace of the Zabarskis), Rynek Główny 20 (Goethe Institut).
- Pałac Pod Baranami (Palace Under the Lambs), Rynek Główny 27.
- Pałac Pod Krzysztofory (Palace under the Krzysztofory), Rynek Główny 35 (Kraków Historical Museum).
Κτίρια Πανεπιστημίου
All over Old Town you can find campus parts of the second oldest university in this part of Europe: Jagiellonian University. You are free to enter (and leave) all buildings at your leisure (mind the students milling around every day of the week).
- Collegium Maius — This is the oldest of the university buildings, erected in 1364 as part of the University of Kraków. It was completed in 1400 and has preserved its Gothic scape. It has a beautiful court yard and chambers, of which the stuba communis is considered to be the most important. Niclaus Copernicus, Jan III Sobieski, and John Paul II studied here. Today, there is a university museum in the building with the instruments of Copernicus, the first globe with America, and many other medieval instruments. The first liquefaction of oxygen was there in the 19th century.
- Collegium Juridicum — This is a Gothic building in the oldest part of the Old City ("Okol"), opposite the Peter and Paul Church. It has a very nice Renaissance Yard with Arcades and Sculptors of Igor Mitoraj.
- Collegium Medicum — This is a Renaissance building in the academic part of the Old City opposite the St. Anna Church, which is the university church since 1409. It has a very nice Renaissance Yard with Arcades.
- Collegium Novum — One of Central Europe's most beautiful Neogothic buildings. It was built in the 19th century and has been the headquarters of the Jagiellonian University since then. The big neogothic stairways inside the building are worth seeing.
- Pope John Paul II Academy — Big neo-Gothic building under the Wawel Castle at the beginning of the Planty Park.
Πάρκα
- Planty park surrounding the medieval city. It was set up in the 19th century in the place of torn down town walls.
- Wawel Gardens.
Μουσεία και Γκαλερί
- National Museum branches (free on Sundays, with exception of temporary exhibitions):
- Czartoryski Museum, ul. św. Jana 19. Art collection of 18th century Polish magnate family. "Lady with an Ermine" (also known as the Polish Mona Lisa) by Leonardo da Vinci and "The Landscape with Good Samaritan" by Rembrandt van Rijn among others. Currently closed for renovation.
- The Gallery of The 19th-Century Polish Art the Sukiennice, Rynek Główny 3, ☎ +48 12 424 46 03. 10.00 – 18.00. One of the best collections of 19th century paintings in Poland. 12 / 6 zł.
- Jan Matejko Museum (Dom Jana Matejki), ul. Floriańska 41. 10.00 – 18.00. Atelier of the best known 19th century Polish painter. 8 zł, 4 reduced.
- Józef Mehoffer Museum (Dom Józefa Mehoffera), ul. Krupnicza 26. We - Su: 10.00 – 16.00. Atelier of one the best known Polish painters with great garden and a cafe. 6 zł, 3 reduced.
- Szołaysky House (Kamienica Szołayskich), ul. Szczepańska 11. 10.00 – 18.00. Temporary exhibitions of Polish art, mainly relating to the period of Young Poland. There's also a collection of works by Stanisław Wyspiański. 8 zł, 4 reduced.
- Krakow Historical Museum. Branches (free on Tuesdays):
- Main Building (Pałac Krzysztofory), Rynek Główny 35. Usual historical museum stuff: armour, swords etc. Every year after Christmas there is an exhibition concerning local tradition: Krakow szopka (characteristic nativity scene where historical buildings of Kraków are used as backdrop for the Nativity of Jesus.)
- Rynek Underground, Rynek Główny 1 (entrance in Sukiennice opposite the fountain). 10.00–20.00/22.00; closed every first Tuesday of a month. Shows relics of structures hidden under the current Market Square surface. 17 zł, reduced /group 14.
- Town Hall Tower, Rynek Główny. 10.30–18.00; April - October. Great view over the Market Square. 7 zł, reduced 5.
- Barbican, City Defense Walls, the Celestat. History of city's fortifications and defenders. The Celestat is a genuine headquarter of one of the oldest, existing continuously for over 700 years rifle-clubs. Combined ticket valid for a week: 6 zł, reduced 4.
- Archeological Museum, ul. Senacka 3. Opening hours vary, Saturdays closed. Nice garden. 7 zł, reduced 5.
- Natural History Museum, ul. Św. Sebastiana 9. Among other exhibits unique woolly rhinoceros from twelve thousand years ago. Currently closed for visitors.
- Bunker of Art (Bunkier Sztuki), pl. Szczepański 3A. 11.00-18.00, Mondays closed. Gallery of contemporary art near Main Square. Also a book shop and nice cafe in the "bunker". 10 zł, reduced 5; art students can try to get in for free.
- International Cultural Centre (Międzynarodowe Centrum Kultury), Rynek Główny 25. 11.00-18.00, Mondays closed. Very well prepared temporary art exhibitions in a nicely remodeled and renovated building on Main Square. There's also a library and a terrace on the roof with views of the city centre. 8 zł, reduced 5.
- The Home Army Museum (Muzeum Armii Krajowej), ul. Wita Stwosza 12, e-mail: biuro@muzeum-ak.krakow.pl. Awaits permanent exhibition.
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